Artificial light at night includes both direct light and sky glow and is also called light pollution. Hereafter we just use the term ‘artificial light’ to refer to this.

We found that many studies have documented strong negative impacts from artificial light on a wide range of animal species. It can jeopardise the health and survival of individuals, the persistence of populations, and could have significant flow on effects to ecosystems.

This report summarises these research findings, looks at which species are being impacted, makes recommendations on how to minimise harmful impacts on nature, and provides further sources of information.